Galactic coordinates and proper motions in galactic coordinates; Solar motion, Local standard of rest (LSR); theory of galactic rotation; Oort’s equations and constants; rotation curve, dark matter; spiral structure of the Galaxy; galactic bar; stellar dynamics; regular and irregular forces in stellar systems; basic equation of stellar dynamics; characteristics of trajectories of stars; perturbations: epicyclic motion in the galactic plane and cyclic motion in a plane normal to the galactic plane; dark matter dynamics and generalized gravity, apparent distribution of stars, differential and integral function of brightness, luminosity function, interstellar absorption. Models of the Galaxy; Galactic structures: spiral arms, galactic warp and flare, stellar streams; resonances in the Galaxy; classification of galaxies, their structure, and properties; methods of determining galactic masses and distances; radial galactic velocities, redshift, and Hubble’s law; galactic gas; space distribution of galaxies, local group of galaxies, clusters of galaxies; basics of galactic evolution; galactic mergers and interaction with intergalactic gas; active galaxies, galactic nuclei, quasars.
Outcome:
The students will gain and proof the overview and understanding of the-state-of-the-art knowledge in the field of galactic and extragalactic astronomy.
