. "Spectroscopy and photometry in astronomy"@en . . "6.0" . "### Teaching language\n\nEnglish \n_Obs.: As aulas serão em português caso todos dominem esta língua._\n\n### Objectives\n\nIt is intended that students understand the workings and characteristics of detectors and instruments of observation in modern astronomy, in particular in the optical waveband and including CCD cameras and spectrographs. They should also acquire the basic knowledge enabling them to reduce photometric and spectroscopic data, analyze the results and infer conclusions on practical applications in research.\n\n### Learning outcomes and competences\n\nFamiliarization with the basic signals in Astronomy (photometry, spectroscopy), detectors and their operation in order to be able to reduce the respective data. Acquisition of basic knowledge on data reduction. Ability to handle specific software and analyse the results of its application to real data.\n\n### Working method\n\nPresencial\n\n### Program\n\n1\\. Instrumentation in Astronomy - Cameras and detectors. - Noise and artifacts recorded on a CCD and their correction. - Filter and magnitude systems in the optical. - The spectrograph and the dipersor - gratings. - Resolving power of a spectrograph. - Quick reference to multi-object spectroscopy and integral field spectroscopy. 2. Reduction of low-resolution spectroscopic observations - The treatment of thermal noise and sensitivity analysis of the detector. - Removal of the effects of cosmic rays in the images. - Calibration of the spectra in wavelength. - Calibration of spectra in flux using standard reference stars. - Analysis 3. Reduction of observations in several photometric filters - The treatment of thermal noise and sensitivity analysis of the detector. - PSF analysis and detection of objects in the image. - Aperture photometry. - Photometry calibration using standard stars.\n\n### Mandatory literature\n\nSterken Chr.; [Astronomical photometry](http://catalogo.up.pt/F/-?func=find-b&local_base=FCUP&find_code=SYS&request=000228193 \"Astronomical photometry (Opens in a new window)\"). ISBN: 0-7923-1776-9 \nKitchin C. R.; [Astrophysical techniques](http://catalogo.up.pt/F/-?func=find-b&local_base=FCUP&find_code=SYS&request=000193071 \"Astrophysical techniques (Opens in a new window)\"). ISBN: 0-85274-461-7 \nGray David F.; [The observation and analysis of stellar photospheres](http://catalogo.up.pt/F/-?func=find-b&local_base=FCUP&find_code=SYS&request=000268080 \"The observation and analysis of stellar photospheres (Opens in a new window)\"). ISBN: 0-521-85186-6 \n\n### Complementary Bibliography\n\nSutton Edmund C.; [Observational astronomy](http://catalogo.up.pt/F/-?func=find-b&local_base=FCUP&find_code=SYS&request=000295338 \"Observational astronomy (Opens in a new window)\"). ISBN: 9781107010468 \n\n### Comments from the literature\n\nSupport documents regarding the software used for data reduction will be made available or indicated to the students. Published scientific papers will also be given as bibliographic material, when/if required.\n\n### Teaching methods and learning activities\n\nPractical work with computer during classes, enabling the reduction of real astronomical data using the adopted software. These classes will be supplemented with lectures on the fundamentals of data processing. The final exam will use the computer, in order to reduce real observations, both spectroscopic and photometric.\n\n### Software\n\nAstropy \n\n### keywords\n\nPhysical sciences > Astronomy \n\n### Evaluation Type\n\nDistributed evaluation with final exam\n\n### Assessment Components\n\nTest: 100,00%\n\n### Amount of time allocated to each course unit\n\nEstudo autónomo: 106,00 hours\nFrequency of lectures: 56,00 hours\n\n**Total:**: 162,00 hours\n\n### Eligibility for exams\n\nStudents should participate in, at least, 50% of the practical classes.\n\n### Calculation formula of final grade\n\nStudetns can choose between two alternative assessment systems: \n \nA- With continuous assessment \nA1. \\[50%\\] Intermediate written test on Photometry \nA2. \\[50%\\] Intermediate written test on Spectroscopy \n \nB- Without continuous assessment \nAppeal exam with two components: Photometry \\[50%\\] + Spectroscopy \\[50%\\]\n\n### Classification improvement\n\nBy exam, in the \"época de recurso\" (appeal). The appeal exam will have two components: a module on spectroscopy and another one on photometry. If the student wishes, he/she can improve the grade in only one of the modules.\n\nMore information at: https://sigarra.up.pt/fcup/en/ucurr_geral.ficha_uc_view?pv_ocorrencia_id=498802" . . "Presential"@en . "TRUE" . . "Other Astronomy Kas"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Master in Astronomy and Astrophysics"@en . . "https://sigarra.up.pt/fcup/en/cur_geral.cur_view?pv_ano_lectivo=2022&pv_origem=cur&pv_tipo_cur_sigla=m&pv_curso_id=871" . "120"^^ . "Presential"@en . "The main objective of the Master of Astronomy is to complement and extend the training of graduate students in astronomy, physics, mathematics and related fields. In particular, in order to improve their preparation for a research career in Astronomy, through their subsequent enrolment in a Doctoral Programme in Astronomy.\n\n### Admissions Requirements\n\nApplicants to the Second Cycle (Master) in Astronomy must hold a First Cycle (Bachelor) degree (minimum of 180 ECTS credits) or equivalent (including higher education foreign degrees), whose curriculum includes at least 30 ECTS credits, or equivalent, in Mathematics and Physics, including a minimum of 12 ECTS credits in each of these scientific areas. Candidates that may verify these conditions before the end of the registration period in the Master in Astronomy can also apply. Holders of an academic, scientific or professional curriculum that is recognised as attesting the capacity to successfully complete this cycle of studies by the Scientific Committee of the Master in Astronomy may also be admitted. \n\n### Criteria for Selection and Ranking\n\nThe ranking will be done according to the following criteria and sub-criteria:\n\n* 1.1 - Academic curriculum (training area and average grade) (80%)\n * 1.1.1 - Subcriterion 1: training area (40%)\n * 1.1.2 - Subcriterion 2: average and adequacy of the degree (40%)\n* 1.2 - Scientific curriculum and professional experience (20%)\n * 1.2.1 - Subcriterion 1: technical and/or scientific publications and communications (10%)\n * 1.2.2 - Subcriterion 2: participation in research projects, internships in the area of the cycle of studies or other relevant professional experience (10%)\n\n \nNote: Candidates who do not yet hold a Bachelor's degree and/or have an academic, scientific or professional curriculum which is recognized as attesting the capacity to carry out this cycle of studies by the statutory competent scientific body, will be ranked according to the criteria and subcriteria indicated above, with the difference that the final average mark of the degree will be replaced by the weighted average mark of all curricular units completed to date. \n \n**Candidates' tiebreaker criterion:** greater number of ECTS credits obtained in the area of the cycle of studies.\n\n### Teaching Language\n\n* Fully in English\n\n### Information\n\nIt is highly desirable that candidates possess programming skills and a good written and oral command of the English language.\n\n### Contacts\n\nCourse Director: m.ast.diretor@fc.up.pt\n\nPostgraduate Section: pos.graduacao@fc.up.pt\n\nStudents: m.ast@fc.up.pt\n\n### General information\n\n* Information for applicants: https://sigarra.up.pt/fcup/en/cur_geral.cur_info_cand_view?pv_curso_id=871&pv_ano_lectivo=2022&pv_tipo_cur_sigla=m&pv_origem=cur \n\nDirector: Catarina Lobo\n\nAcronym: M:A_ASTR\n\nAcademic Degree: Master\n\nType of course/cycle of study: Masters Degree\n\nStart: 2007/2008\n\nDuration: 4 Semesters\n\n### Study Plan\n\n* Plano de Estudos oficial desde 2013/14: https://sigarra.up.pt/fcup/en/cur_geral.cur_planos_estudos_view?pv_plano_id=6001&pv_ano_lectivo=2022&pv_tipo_cur_sigla=m&pv_origem=cur \n\n* All Courses of Study: https://sigarra.up.pt/fcup/en/cur_geral.cur_planos_estudos_list?pv_curso_id=871&pv_ano_lectivo=2022&pv_tipo_cur_sigla=m&pv_origem=cur \n\n### Certificates\n\n* Master's degree in Astronomy and Astrophysics (120 ECTS credits)\n* Specialization in Astronomy and Astrophysics (66 ECTS credits)\n\n### Predominant Scientific Areas\n\n* Astronomy\n* Physics"@en . . . . "2"@en . "FALSE" . . . "Master"@en . "Thesis" . "1300.00" . "Euro"@en . "3750.00 (International) / 2250.00 (CPLP)" . "Recommended" . "* Researcher: Researchers in astronomy work on a variety of projects, from studying the formation of stars and galaxies to searching for exoplanets. They typically work in universities, research institutes, or government agencies.\n* Engineer: Engineers in astronomy develop and build instruments for astronomical observations. They also work on software for data analysis and visualization.\n* Consultant: Consultants in astronomy work with businesses and government agencies to apply astronomical knowledge to solve problems. For example, they may help to develop new technologies for space exploration or to assess the risks of asteroid impacts.\n* Science communicator: Science communicators in astronomy share the excitement of astronomy with the public through writing, public speaking, and media appearances. They may work in museums, science centers, or the media."@en . "1"^^ . "TRUE" . "Upstream"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .