. "Thermodynamics"@en . . . . . . . . . . "Introductory thermodynamics a"@en . . "2" . "Contents:\nThermodynamics is the science that uses the First Law (energy is conserved) and the Second Law (entropy of the universe goes to a maximum) to describe how systems change when they interact with each other or with their surroundings. Thermodynamics was originally meant to increase the efficiency of steam engines, and has nowadays a prominent place in many scientific disciplines including cosmology, physics (phase transitions), chemistry (chemical reactions) and engineering (efficiency of energy conversion).\nThis course introduces thermodynamic concepts, including energy, enthalpy, entropy, chemical potential, Gibbs and Helmholtz energy. On the basis of the First and Second Law of thermodynamics, the equilibrium concept will be introduced and used to describe reversible and irreversible processes. The Gibbs energy has a central role in this. Given the molar Gibbs energies of the reactants and products involved in a process, it can be deduced in what direction a process tends to go, what will be the maximum yield of a particular product and how the direction or yield for a process can be influenced by changing temperature, pressure and composition of a system.\nLearning outcomes:\nAfter successful completion of this course students are expected to be able to:\n- describe simplifications that make thermodynamics quantitative\n- identify thermodynamic concepts in real life applications;\n- interpret real life processes and systems in terms of thermodynamic concepts;\n- perform calculations of thermodynamic properties (e.g. heat, work, energy, entropy, molar Gibbs energy) for ideal gases, pure substances, (non-) ideal mixtures and electrochemical systems;\n- calculate the change in the molar Gibbs energy of reactions and apply this to phase transitions, equilibria and chemical reactions." . . "Presential"@en . "TRUE" . . "Master in Environmental Sciences"@en . . "https://www.wur.nl/en/education-programmes/master/msc-programmes/msc-environmental-sciences.htm" . "120"^^ . "Presential"@en . "The Environmental Sciences master's programme in Wageningen has its roots in the natural, technological and social sciences. Students will gain insight into the socio-economic causes and the characteristics of pollution and degradation of the natural environment, including the effects on human beings, the atmosphere, ecosystems and other organisms. This two-year programme is based on an interdisciplinary approach. Students learn to develop analytical tools and models, as well as technologies, socio-political arrangements and economic instruments to prevent and control the wicked environmental and sustainability issues like climate change, biodiversity loss and resource depletion."@en . . "2"@en . "FALSE" . . "Master"@en . "Thesis" . "2314.00" . "Euro"@en . "19600.00" . "Mandatory" . "Graduates find jobs at many different organisations. Professional job possibilities can be found as:\r\n\r\nA researcher at a university or a research institute\r\nAn adviser at governmental authorities (ministries, provinces and municipalities) or waterboards\r\nAn engineer or a consultant in the industry"@en . "4"^^ . "TRUE" . "Downstream"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .