. "Other Physics Kas"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Physics of the space environment"@en . . "7.5" . "Charged Particle Motion, Plasma Waves, Geomagnetism, Solar Eruptions, Ring Current and Van Allen Belts, Substorms and Storms, Space Weather Impacts" . . "Hybrid"@en . "TRUE" . . "Physics"@en . . "5" . "Understand and apply the basic laws of geometrical optics, mechanics, oscillatory motion and waves, as well as electromagnetism. Understand mathematical methods and physical laws applied in geodesy and geoinformatics.\n Apply knowledge of mathematics and physics for the purpose of recognizing, formulating and solving of problems in the field of geodesy and geoinformatics.\n Exercise appropriate judgments on the basis of performed calculation processing and interpretation of data obtained by means of surveying and its results.\nTake responsibility for continuing academic development in the field of geodesy and geoinformatics, or related disciplines,and for the development of interest in lifelong learning and further professional education. 1. Derive and apply the equations of geometrical optics.\n2. Describe the motion by vectors of position, velocity and acceleration.\n3. Apply Newton's laws of motion.\n4. Describe the motion of the gyroscopes.\n5. Derive and apply the Kepler's laws.\n6. Derive the general expression for the gravitational potential energy and define the potential and equipotential surface.\n7. Describe and compare the simple and physical pendulum.\n8. Describe the harmonic waves.\n9. Describe the electric field, electric potential difference, and electric current; describe the magnetic field of a current loop.\n10. Describe the electromagnetic induction" . . "Presential"@en . "TRUE" . . "Evolution of physics"@en . . "2" . "Through qualitative recapitulation of mechanics and field theory, along with an introduction to relativity and quantum physics, the intention is \"... to sketch in broad outline the attempts of the human mind to find a connection between the world of ideas and the world of phenomena.\" (A. Einstein and L. Infeld), and illustrate paths of science \n Describe limits of classical mechanics.\nDescribe the foundations of field theory.\nDescribe the concepts of general relativity.\nDescribe the emergence of quantum physics." . . "Presential"@en . "FALSE" . . "Atmospheric physics"@en . . "6" . "The origin of the solar system and the earth’s atmosphere; the evolving atmospheric \r\ncomposition; the physical parameters determining conditions in the atmosphere (e.g. \r\ntemperature, pressure, and vorticity); the laws describing electromagnetic radiation; the \r\ninteraction between electromagnetic radiation and matter (absorption emission and \r\nscattering); atmospheric radiative transport; radiation balance, climate change;\r\natmospheric thermodynamics and hydrological cycle; aerosols and cloud physics; an \r\nintroduction into atmospheric dynamics (kinematics, circulation etc.).\n\nOutcome:\nAn adequate understanding of the fundamentals of atmospheric physics. This \r\naddresses a) gaining an understanding the laws of physics, which determine the \r\nbehaviour of the earth system comprising the sun the atmosphere and earth surface, b) \r\nlearning the ability to apply the laws of physics to calculate parameters and forecast \r\nconditions in the atmosphere. This knowledge is required for subsequent advanced courses in the M.Sc. programmes. In later life, these learning outcomes are essential \r\nfor undertaking a) research in atmospheric, environmental and climate science Earth \r\nobservation and remote sensing form ground based ship, aircraft and space based\r\ninstrumentation, b) being employment in earth observation, earth science, \r\nmeteorology, industry, or governmental and space agencies." . . "Presential"@en . "TRUE" . . "Physics"@en . . "5" . "no data" . . "Presential"@en . "TRUE" . . "Atmospheric physics and modelling"@en . . "6" . "The course provides an in-depth analysis of atmospheric processes relevant for various applications of environmental engineering. In particular, the main topics covered include synoptic scale atmospheric dynamics at mid-latitudes, mesoscale phenomena in mountain areas and atmospheric boundary-layer processes. Large space is dedicated to the applications of these notions, with particular regard to the modelling tools for weather forecasting, air pollution simulations and the assessment of renewable energies." . . "Presential"@en . "TRUE" . . "Atmospheric physics and modelling"@en . . "6" . "The course provides an in-depth analysis of atmospheric processes relevant for various applications of environmental engineering. In particular, the main topics covered include synoptic scale atmospheric dynamics at mid-latitudes, mesoscale phenomena in mountain areas and atmospheric boundary-layer processes. Large space is dedicated to the applications of these notions, with particular regard to the modelling tools for weather forecasting, air pollution simulations and the assessment of renewable energies." . . "Presential"@en . "TRUE" . . "Physics of positrons in solids and defects"@en . . "5" . "LEARNING OUTCOMES\nAfter the course, the student will be able\n\nto describe sources of positrons and the interactions between energetic positrons and matter\nto explain the positron-electron annihilation process by using fundamental laws of physics\nto explain the working principles of energy, time and angle-resolved gamma spectroscopy of positron annihilation processes\nto derive the relationships between fundamental annihilation parameters detected in experiments\nto analyze experimental data from the perspective of defects in solids\nto discuss the use of theoretical calculations of positron annihilation signals in identification of defects in solids\nto study the scientific literature on positron annihilation in detail\nCONTENT\nPhysics of positrons in solids. Defect spectroscopy with positron annihilation." . . "Presential"@en . "FALSE" . . "Physics of semiconductor devices"@en . . "5" . "LEARNING OUTCOMES\nAfter the course, the student will…\n\nUnderstand the significance of semiconductor devices in modern society;\nUnderstand the physical grounds of the operation of semiconductor devices: Understand the meaning of atomic bonds, crystal structure, crystal defects, energy bands, electrical defect states, charge carriers, charge carrier transport, optical properties, recombination, Fermi distribution, donors, acceptors, mobility, lifetime, drift and diffusion, and resistivity in semiconductor material.\nUnderstand the concepts of heterostructures, nanostructures and graphene in semiconductor devices;\nUnderstands and is able to explain the operational principle of semiconductor pn-diode;\nUnderstand the principle of Light-to-Electricity conversion and can explain the operational principles of photoconductors, photodiodes and solar cells;\nUnderstand the principle of Electricity-to- Light conversion and can explain the operational principles of scintillators, LEDs and Lasers;\nUnderstand the principle of transistors and can explain the operational principles of bipolar transistor and MOSFET;\nUnderstand the principles of semiconductor processing;\nCONTENT\n1. Physics behind the operation of semiconductor devices,\n\n2. Operational principles of various semiconductor devices." . . "Presential"@en . "FALSE" . . "Introduction to the physics of neutrinos"@en . . "5" . "LEARNING OUTCOMES\n \n\nCONTENT\nNeutrinos in the Standard Model, neutrino mass terms (Dirac and Majorana, seesaw mechanism), neutrino mixing, oscillations of neutrinos in vacuum, neutrinos in matter (oscillations in matter with constant density and adiabatic conversion)." . . "Presential"@en . "FALSE" . . "Numerical space physics"@en . . "5" . "LEARNING OUTCOMES\nYou will learn about the various simulation methods that are used in space physics, why they are used and how they are used, and what their strengths and weaknesses are.\n\nYou will learn hands-on what running a simulation entails and how the data can be analysed.\n\nYou will understand the principles behind the numerical methods of the simulations, in particular magnetohydrodynamics.\n\nYou will be able to study space physics problems using advanced numerical simulations.\n\nCONTENT\nThe course consists of three thematic packages.\n\nTo begin with, the role of simulation methods in space physics is reviewed in which the how, what and why of simulations are presented on a general level. More focused topics such as methods for visualisation and analysis of simulation data are also discussed.\nThe second theme focuses on individual algorithms, in particular the numerical methods of hyperbolic conservation laws, magnetohydrodynamics, and PIC simulations.\nA major part of the course is the final hands-on project assignment in which the students individually apply a simulation method to study a particular problem in space physics." . . "Presential"@en . "FALSE" . . "Solid state physics"@en . . "5" . "LEARNING OUTCOMES OF THE COURSE UNIT\n\nThe student is able to:\n- explain the behavior of an electron in a potential well and a potential barrier,\n- describe the basic nanostructures and their applications (quantum wells, wires, dots, a single light emitting diode, a single photon detector),\n- describe the basic properties of atoms,\n- describe the crystal structure of solids and explain the formation of energy bands,\n- describe the drift and diffusion in solids,\n- compute the mobility of charge carriers from the experimental data,\n- compute the lifetime of minority carriers and the diffusion length of minority carriers from the experimental data,\n- apply the continuity equation and Poisson's equation,\n- describe the basic types of generation and recombination processes in semiconductors,\n- describe the formation and properties of a PN junction,\n- describe a LED and a solar cell.\n.\nCOURSE CURRICULUM\n\n1) Basic concepts of quantum and atomic physics. Particles and waves, photoelectric effect, Compton effect, de Broglie waves.\n2) Schrödinger equation, Heisenberg uncertainty principle, potential wells and barriers, energy quantization, electron traps.\n3) Atoms. Hydrogen atom, Bohr theory of hydrogen atom, quantum numbers, some properties of atoms, Pauli exclusion principle, periodic table of elements.\n4) Structure of solids. Electrical properties of solids, crystalline solids, crystalline bonds, crystal lattice, crystal systems, Miller indexes.\n5) Crystal lattice defects, lattice vibrations, fonons.\n6) Band theory of solids. Free electron, quantum mechanical theory of solids, formation of energy bands, effective mass.\n7) Distribution function, density of states, charge carrier concentration, Fermi level, insulators, metals, semiconductors, intrinsic and doped semiconductors.\n8) Transport phenomena in semiconductors. Thermal and drift movement, Boltzmann transport equation, electrical conductivity, Ohm's law in differential and integral form, mobility, relaxation time, scattering mechanisms.\n9) Hall effect, thermoelectric effect, Peltier effect, influence of external fields on electrical conductivity, diffusion.\n10) Semiconductor in non-equilibrium state. Minority carrier lifetime, continuity equation, ambipolar mobility, diffusion length, Poisson's equation.\n11) Generation and recombination of carriers, recombination centers, traps, photoelectric properties.\n12) Inhomogeneous semiconductor systems. Homogeneous and heterogeneous PN junctions, capacity, VA characteristic, PN junction breakdowns.\n13) Semiconductor sources and detectors of radiation. Radiative and nonradiative recombination, mechanisms of radiation excitation, LED, solar cell.\nAIMS\n\nThe objective is to provide students with knowledge of selected electrical and optical properties of solids, including examples of a wide range of interesting applications. Practical knowledge will be verified in the laboratory exercises." . . "Presential"@en . "FALSE" . . "Physics and astronomy student colloquium"@en . . "5" . "Description of qualifications\nTo teach the student to communicate Scientific Research\nContents\nThe course starts with 2 times 45 min introduction (February and September) where the purpose of the course is presented, and lectures on how to give a good presentation are given. At the same time, the schedule for the students' own colloquia is agreed upon.\nEach student chooses a subject from physics or astronomy, for example inspired by a recent scientific paper published in a major journal. A supervisor is chosen to help the student with the scientific content of the colloquium. The student then acquaints herself with relevant literature and prepares a 45 min talk on the subject, based on a power point presentation. The talk addresses an audience which has passed the second year of the bachelor study in physics. The student prepares an abstract to announce her colloquium. Approximately one week before the colloquium, the student gives a test colloquium to the supervisor and the person responsible for this course. At the colloquium, please, bring a USB-stick with the final version of the power point presentation as a back-up. The student gives her/his presentation to the audience, and answers any questions.\nThe student participates in five other student colloquia during the same semester." . . "no data"@en . "TRUE" . . "General physics I"@en . . "12" . "At the end of the course the student must be familiar with the vector formalism, have fully understood the laws of Newton's mechanics and the first principle of thermodynamics, know how to apply these laws to the solution of problems involving the dynamics of systems composed by objects with ideal physical properties." . . "Presential"@en . "TRUE" . . "Paleomagnetism"@en . . "7.5" . "Course goals\n\n To understand the role of the Earth's ancient magnetic field as recorded in rocks in a wide range of Earth scientific disciplines. Examples include geodynamics & plate tectonics, time scales, geomagnetic variations and behaviour of the geodynamo through geological time, and application to (paleo) environmental magnetism and climate proxies.\nContent\nThe paleomagnetism course deals with the integrated geophysical (geomagnetism, intensity of magnetic field), geochemical (rock magnetism, environmental magnetism), and geological (magnetostratigraphy and tectonic rotations) fundamentals of magnetism in Earth Sciences. Application of these techniques will be explained through practical assignments, hands-on exercises and data analyses.\n \nGeophysical aspects: geomagnetic variations at all time scales. from secular variation, tiny wiggles and excursions of the field, to reversals (including magnetostratigraphy), reversal frequency, Superchrons and paleointensity reconstructions. At short time scales (100-5000 years), geomagnetic variations typically reflect core processes. Variations at longer time scales, however, must reflect mantle and core/mantle boundary processes. Hence, what do these variations tell us about processes in the internal, deep Earth?\n \nGeochemical aspects: the magnetic carriers in rocks. How and why do rocks record the geomagnetic field? We discuss magnetism at the atomic level and link it to macroscopic properties of mineral and rock magnetism. We explain why the natural remanent magnetisation (NRM) can be geologically stable - i.e. for tens of billions of years, and how to extract this information from rock samples. This involves both laboratory and field tests, and we discuss how rocks acquire their NRM.\n \nGeological aspects: stratigraphic and geodynamic applications: There are applications of paleomagnetism and rock magnetism in a wide range of earths scientific disciplines. Time Scales: the role of accurate dating is crucial in Earth Sciences, and, here, magnetostratigraphy forms a powerful part of the dating toolbox. It can be used in combination with other dating methods, of which astrochronology is the one providing the highest accuracy and precision. Applications of time scales have a wide range: from determining changes in (paleo)environment and (paleo)climate (and the corresponding influence on mineral magnetic changes in sediments) to dating tectonic phases and climate change, and their respective impacts on the geological archive. Geodynamic applications, from the scale of continents to regional studies: block rotations and crustal movement, paleomagnetic poles and apparent polar wander (APWP), hotspot versus paleomagnetic reference frames. In some case studies, there will be emphasis on the recognition of tectonic versus climatic processes in the development of sedimentary basins." . . "Presential"@en . "TRUE" . . "Physics and engineering"@en . . "6" . "Obligatory base module 1 \nLearning outcomes\nUpon completion of this course, the student should be able to:\n1. Express the basic principles of the physical concept of the Nature (such as atomistic principle, energetic minimum, absolute speed, Pauli exclusion principle, wave-particle dualism, uncertainty principle), and refer to their exertion;\n2. Possess the knowledge considering the mathematical background and calculus necessary for the description of physical processes (e.g., graphical representations, differentiation and integration, application of complex numbers), and recognize the main attributes and occurrence conditions of main functions present in physics (e.g., linear, power, exponent, harmonic);\n3. Know the physical quantities describing the most important natural phenomena and properties including their abbreviations and measuring units; recognize the reasonable order of magnitude of physical quantities.\n4. Use the vocabulary introduced at the lectures to explain the basic principles of some high-tech devices applying physical terminology in a correct way;\n5. Solve the physical problems within the limits of example exercises available via the web support of the course.\nBrief description of content\nThe course is targeted to the quick and efficient introduction of the main principles of the current physics (matter and field, fermions and bosons, absolute speed, energy minimum, etc.), whereas the previous knowledge in physics is not required. In most important cases, the examples are illustrated considering the application of the mathematical methods in physics (differentiation, integration, complex numbers). The students also learn to explain the operating principles of selected technical devices applying physical terminology in a correct way." . . "Presential"@en . "TRUE" . . "advanced solid state physics - kul - see hyperlink below *"@en . . "6" . "no data" . . "Presential"@en . "FALSE" . . "advanced soft and biomatter physics kul - see hyperlink below *"@en . . "6" . "no data" . . "Presential"@en . "FALSE" . . "condensed matter physics"@en . . "3" . "1. Basic phenomena and physical properties of semiconductor materials. Solid state band model. Doped semiconductors. 2. Description of the semiconductor in the state of thermodynamic equilibrium, concentration of electric charge carriers, Boltzmann relationship, balance of carrier concentration, electric neutrality equation. 3. Transport of carriers in a semiconductor. Charge carriers in the electric field. Conductivity. 4. Hall effect. 5. Non-equilibrium phenomena in a semiconductor. Generation, recombination and trapping processes. 6. Diffusion. 7. Principle of current flow. Equations of transport. 8. p-n connector. 9. Diodes. Photodiodes. Solar cells. Resistor. Transistor. Thermistor. 10. Metal-semiconductor contacts. Surface conditions. MIS and MOS structures. 11. Experimental methods of semiconductor characterization." . . "Presential"@en . "TRUE" . . "statistical physics"@en . . "5" . "Lectures 1. (4 h) Stochastic processes, Markov chains and Langevin equation. 2. (4 h) Entropy vs. information. Probability distribution of maximal entropy. 3. (4 h) Description of statistical systems. Evolution and equilibrium states. Liouville equation. Thermodynamic formalisms. 4. (4 h) Thermodynamics of gas systems: a) perfect gas b) nonideal gases (virial expansion, mean field theory) 5. (4 h) Thermodynamics of magnetic systems: a) paramagnetics and Curie law b) Ising model of nearest neighbours interaction c) phase transition in a Curie-Weis-Kac model 6. (2 h) Grand canonical ensemble and theory of phase transitions 7. (2 h) Quantum Statistical systems: a) formalism of statistical quantum mechanics, b) open systems and semigroup dynamics b) multilevel system: Bose-Einstein and Fermi-Dirac statistics 8. (6 h) Thermodynamics of quantum gases a) electron gas in metal, Fermi energy b) relativistic electron gas, stability of white dwarfs c) Bose-Einstein condensation, nonlinear Gross-Pitayevski equation d) photonic gas and thermal radiation e) phonons and crystals Exercises: 1. (2 h) Random variables and their properties. 2. (2 h) Stochastic matrices and Markov evolution. 3. (2 h) Combinatorics of quantum statistics. 4. (2 h) Evolution of a system of N harmonic oscillators. 5. (2 h) Gibbs distribution. Velocity distribution. Doppler broadening of line shapes. 6. (2 h) Virial expansions for thermodynamic parameters. 7. (2 h) Joule-Thompson process 8. (2 h) Correlation function in Ising model. 9. (2 h) Classical and quantum entropy and their properties. Klein inequality. 10. (4 h) Entanglement and quantum correlations. 11. (4 h) Thermal radiation. Planck distribution. Wien law. Stefan-Boltzmann law." . . "Presential"@en . "FALSE" . . "biophysics"@en . . "5" . "1. What is biophysics? 2. How big are molecules, what are special features of biological matter? 3. Energy in living systems. Thermodynamics and metabolism. Enzymes. 4. Flow of genetic information. DNA. Central Dogma of Molecular Biology. 5. Proteins, membranes and their structures. 6. Free energy in biology. Chemical equillibrium. 7. Propagation of signals along neurons. Ion channels. 8. Hormones, homeostasis, regulation, biocatalysis and drugs. 9. Oxygen pathways in human body. 10. Spectroscopies in biophysical research: Lambert-Bear Law, Jablonski diagram, absorption vs fluorescent spectroscopy, IR and Raman, NMR and EPR. 11. AFM, optical tweezers and single molecule nanomechanics. 12. Computer modeling of biomolecules I (fundamentals) 13. Computer modeling of biomolecules II (free energy, advanced methods) Exercises: A. Thermodynamics – basic concepts. Classical problems solutions. B. Protein structure (pdb, vmd, visualization software) – practical tutorial. C. Practical MD simulations: case studies, computer data analysis. D. Demonstration of AFM biophysical measurements (in the Lab)." . . "Presential"@en . "FALSE" . . "Foundations of physics"@en . . "no data" . "no data" . . "Presential"@en . "TRUE" . . "Frontiers of physics"@en . . "no data" . "no data" . . "Presential"@en . "TRUE" . . "Thermal physics and materials"@en . . "no data" . "no data" . . "Presential"@en . "TRUE" . . "Condensed matter physics"@en . . "no data" . "no data" . . "Presential"@en . "FALSE" . . "Medical physics"@en . . "no data" . "no data" . . "Presential"@en . "FALSE" . . "Advanced statistical physics"@en . . "no data" . "Learning Outcomes:\r\nOn completion of this module students should:\r\n1. Have understood the meaning of the partition function and how to use it for calculation of thermodynamic properties of condensed matter systems;\r\n2. Have understood the concept of statistical ensemble;\r\n3. Be familiar with the concept of a phase transition and critical behaviour and be able to describe the signatures of a phase transition;\r\n4. Have understood the concept of fluctuations and describe their effect on thermodynamic quantities;\r\n5. Be able to describe the geometry and elasticity of a polymer chain;\r\n6. Be able to recognise the signatures of entropic forces and calculate their magnitude in molecular systems;\r\n7. Be able to do basic calculations using the lattice models in condensed matter;\r\n8. Be familiar with the ways of describing non-equilibrium processes in condensed matter and biophysics.\r\n\r\nIndicative Module Content:\r\n1. Phase transitions: Landau theory, critical fluctuations, scaling, renormalisation group method\r\n2. Lattice models: transfer matrix method, exact solution of the Ising model, mean field theory\r\n3. Polymers: statistics of an ideal chain, Gaussian chain, self-avoiding chain, worm-like chain\r\n4. Entropic forces at the nanoscale: depletion interactions, entropic springs, polymer chain elasticity\r\n5. Charged systems: Poisson-Boltzmann equation in planar, cylindrical and spherical geometry, charge binding, charge correlations, Wigner crystals, strong coupling theory\r\n6. Diffusion and Brownian motion: Langevin equation, Gaussian random walk, Levy flights.\r\n7. Non-equilibrium processes: Kramers problem, active particles" . . "Presential"@en . "FALSE" . . "Theoretical solid state physics"@en . . "10" . "no data" . . "Presential"@en . "TRUE" . . "semiconductor physics"@en . . "10" . "no data" . . "Presential"@en . "TRUE" . . "Proseminar: advances in the solid state physics"@en . . "5" . "no data" . . "Presential"@en . "FALSE" . . "semiconductor physics"@en . . "10" . "no data" . . "Presential"@en . "FALSE" . . "Biomedical physics 1"@en . . "5" . "no data" . . "Presential"@en . "FALSE" . . "Biomedical physics 2"@en . . "5" . "no data" . . "Presential"@en . "FALSE" . . "Physics 1"@en . . "6" . "Discussing the basic concepts and laws governing the motion of\nbodies for models of material point and rigid solid: finding equations\nof motion, applying principles of dynamics to rectilinear and curvilin-\near motion in inertial and non-inertial systems. Comparing the New-\ntonian and relativistic physics. Discussing classical theory of gravi-\ntation and quantities describing the gravitational field. Presenting\nthe basic concepts and laws governing oscillatory and wave motion\nand phenomena characteristic for these movements. Discussing\nthe fundamentals of classical thermodynamics. Discussing electro-\nstatic interactions and the quantities describing this field." . . "Presential"@en . "TRUE" . . "Physics 2"@en . . "4" . "Discussing the basic concepts and laws governing electric current.\nIntroducing the concepts of magnetic field and the quantities de-\nscribing it and comparing with electrostatic and gravitational fields.\nDiscussing the electromagnetic field and its laws. Introducing the\nbasic concepts of optics. Discussing the corpuscular-wave dualism\nof radiation. Discussing the structure of atom including quantum\nconcepts. Introducing the concept of corpuscular-wave dualism of\nmatter. Discussing the principle of laser construction and features\nof laser light. Learning the fundamentals of solid state physics, in-\ntroducing a band model, discussing basic physical phenomena in\nsemiconductors. Discussing the structure of the atomic nuclei, phe-\nnomena and laws of radioactivity and reactions of heavy nuclei fis-\nsion and synthesis of light nuclei" . . "Presential"@en . "TRUE" . . "Advanced statistical physics"@en . . "6" . "Statistical physics of interacting gases (Gibbs' formulation of equilibrium state\nthermodynamics of interacting gases. Partition function. Mayer’s cluster expansion. Virial\nexpansion. Beth-Uhlenbeck approach to quantum gases. Equation of state of multicomponent\nplasma with applications to stars. Chemical equilibrium and Saha equation. Gravitational\nequilibrium of stars for different equations of state.) Statistical physics of quantized fields.\n(The method of quantized fields. Low-temperature behavior of Bose gas, Bose-Einstein\ncondensation. Low-lying excitations in Fermi systems. Fermi-liquid theory. Equation of state\nof degenerate matter, white dwarfs, and neutron stars. Weak equilibrium and change\nneutrality conditions. Gravitational equilibrium of white dwarfs and neutron stars.) Phase\ntransitions (Phase transitions in Van-der-Waals gas. Lattice models. Spontaneous\nmagnetization of a ferromagnet. Lattice gas and binary alloys. Ising model in the Bethe\napproximation. Critical exponents. Thermodynamic inequalities. Landau’s theory of second-\norder phase transitions. Crystallization of white dwarf matter. Phase transitions from hadronic\nto quark matter in neutron stars.) Renormalization group approach (Basic scalings. Simple\nexamples of renormalization. General formation of renormalization group equations.\nFluctuation-dissipation theorem. Linear response theory. Photon and neutrino interactions in\nthe stellar matter within the linear response theory.) Fluctuations (Thermodynamic\nfluctuations. Spatial correlations. Fluctuation analysis on the example of Brownian motion.\nStatistical physics of nuclear reaction in stars, pycnonuclear reactions in neutron stars.)" . . "Presential"@en . "FALSE" . . "Non-equilibrium statistical physics"@en . . "3" . "Basics of kinetic theory (Distribution function, detailed balance, Boltzmann kinetic equation.\nThe H-theorem, transition to hydrodynamics. Weakly inhomogeneous gases. Transport\ncoefficients: thermal conduction, shear, and bulk viscosity Onsager’s relations. Dynamical\nderivation of the BKE from Bogolyubov hierarchy. Radiative transport in stellar atmospheres\nas a kinetic process. Thermal conductivity and shear viscosity of stellar matter in the non-\ndegenerate regime.) Diffusion processes (Fokker-Planck equation. Diffusion of heavy\nparticles in a gas, ionization, and recombination. Stellar opacities in multi-component\nplasma.) Degenerate systems (Quantum liquids, quasiparticles, and their kinetics.\nApplications: sound attenuation in Fermi gases, transport in metals and liquid helium.\nApplications to white dwarfs: electrical conduction of electron gas in the degenerate regime.\nApplications to neutron stars: shear viscosity and thermal conductivity of neutron matter in\nthe degenerate regime from Fermi-liquid theory.) Advanced methods (Green’s functions\nmethods in kinetics, real-time contour formulation of the theory. Projection operator\nmethods, Kubo formula for transport coefficients Electron self-energy and Landau damping\nin white dwarf stars. Computation of transport coefficient of quark matter in neutron stars\nfrom Kubo formulas.)" . . "Presential"@en . "FALSE" . . "Neutrino physics"@en . . "3" . "A short history of neutrino physics: beta-decay, Pauli hypothesis, Fermi theory, discovery of\nneutrino in 1950s, discovery of muon neutrino. Neutrinos in the Standard Model, charge\ncurrent and neutral current processes. Dirac and Majorana neutrino. Neutrino interactions\nwith electrons, hadrons and nuclei. Detection of neutrinos. Neutrino mass, neutrino\noscillations, neutrino oscillation experiments. Neutrino oscillation parameters. Solar\nneutrinos, solar neutrino flux, pp neutrinos, CNO cycle. Deficit of solar neutrinos. MSW effect\nfor solar neutrinos. Supernovae neutrinos, diffuse neutrino spectrum, information from\nSN1987. Relic neutrinos as Big Bang remnants. Leptogenesis, measurement of CP violation\nin neutrino oscillations. Astrophysical sources of high-energy neutrinos. Neutrino telescopes,\nIceCub, km3net experiments." . . "Presential"@en . "FALSE" . .